In 2018, the AACE created the dysglycemia-based chronic disease (DBCD) multimorbidity care model. During this stage, the symptoms of type 1 diabetes may include: In this stage, there’s a significant loss of beta cells due to autoimmunity and symptoms are present, resulting in a type 1 diabetes diagnosis. Although beta cell dysfunction is more serious at this stage, there are still no symptoms yet. As the beta cells continue to be destroyed by the immune system, a lack of insulin leads to rising blood sugar levels due to glucose intolerance. In this stage, at least two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies are present in the blood. But blood sugar levels still remain within the normal range, and no symptoms are present. At this point, these autoantibodies have already begun to attack the beta cells in the pancreas. In this stage, at least one diabetes-related autoantibody is present in the blood. Other factors, like having a sibling or close relative with type 1 diabetes, can also increase disease risk. In this stage, genetic analysis can help identify underlying genotypes that are commonly associated with type 1 diabetes.Īccording to the research, a specific region on chromosome six – called the HLA region – is associated with up to 50 percent of the risk for developing this condition. It’s important to note that type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks and destroys beta cells in the pancreas, which are responsible for producing insulin. Using the guideline below, clinicians can more easily diagnose this condition at an earlier stage, even when symptoms might not be present. In 2015, the ADA released a joint statement with the JDRF and Endocrine Society outlining the various stages of type 1 diabetes.
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